写手每到写论文作业的时候,大家会不会有这样一种感觉,这个句型好像已经用过很多次了,然后绞尽脑汁想出一个觉得不那么常用的句型。那么今天就给大家提供一些留学作业写作中可以用到的句型,按顺序从介绍到总结,统统都有。需要的同学们赶紧收藏吧。
留学作业写作通用句型大全
Introduction部分通用句型
通常来说,Introduction部分包含以下内容:
●阐述研究背景或者重要性
●简要回顾相关的文献
●说明自己的研究问题或者论文的目的
●陈述论文的整体叙述结构
对于不同的叙述内容,具体来说又有不同的分类。
01.阐述研究背景或者重要性
在陈述研究重要性时,如果是对世界和社会的重要性,我们可以用这样的句型:
◆X is fundamental to…
◆X has a pivotal role in…
◆X is frequently prescribed for…
◆X is fast becoming a key instrument in…
这几句都比较简单,但胜在清晰。
如果是说明研究问题对学科的重要性,以下的一些句型都可以使用:
◆X is of interest because…
◆X is a classic problem in…
◆A primary concern of X is…
◆X is a dominant feature of…
◆X is an important aspect of…
◆X is a fundamental property of…
有时候我们可能会说明研究问题在最近一段时间内愈受重视,借此来说明重要性。
◆Traditionally,Xs have subscribed to the belief that…
◆One of the most important events of the 1970s was…
◆In recent years,there has been an increasing interest in…
02.简要回顾相关的文献
介绍完研究背景,我们有时也会需要简要论述其他人的研究。
◆Studies of X show the importance of…
◆It has previously been observed that…
◆Several attempts have been made to…
◆Previous research has established that…
03.说明研究目的或中心论点
接下来我们需要说明自己的研究目的或者中心论点了。在叙述论点或者观点时:
◆This paper attempts to show that…
◆The central thesis of this paper is that…
◆In the pages that follow,it will be argued that…
◆The aim of this essay is to explore the relationship between…
◆The purpose of this paper is to review recent research into the…
说明研究目的时:
◆The specific objective of this study was to
◆An objective of this study was to investigate…
◆This thesis will examine the way in which the…
◆This study set out to investigate the usefulness of…
04.陈述论文整体结构
在介绍部分的最后,我们有时还需要去说明论文整体的叙述结构。
◆The first section of this paper will examine…
◆This paper begins by…
◆It will then go on to…
◆My thesis is composed of four themed chapters.
◆The essay has been organised in the following way.
Body部分通用句型
Body部分通用句型
Body是论文的主体部分,在具体内容方面我们没有通用的句型,不过几个固定部分我们还是可以借鉴的:
●引用其他研究的具体内容
●描述研究方法
●陈述研究发现
01.引用其他研究
在文章中的引用,我们可能不会像介绍部分那样概述,会描述具体发现,比如我们在描述具体人员的研究发现时,以下句型都可以参考:
◆Smith(1999)showed that reducing X to 190oC decreased…(see Figure 2).
◆Smith(1999)demonstrated that when the maximum temperature is exceeded…
◆Smith(1999)found that as levels of literacy and education of the population rise…
如果是说明该领域内之前研究人员的发现,一个或者几个。
◆Previous research has established that…
◆Data from several studies suggest that…
◆It is now well established from a variety of studies that…
◆A number of studies have postulated a convergence between…
02.描述研究方法
在描述研究方法时,我们有时会需要说明某种方法的优劣,我们为什么选择它。
◆A major advantage of X is that…
◆The benefit of this approach is that…
◆X based methods provide a means of…
◆X was selected for its reliability and validity.
有时候我们可能会用到问卷设计,需要对问卷进行说明。
◆Seven questions,adapted from X,assessed…
◆All survey questions utilised a 5-point Likert scale.
◆Using a 5-point Likert scale,participants were asked…
03.陈述研究发现
在body部分,我们还会陈述研究发现,最常用的就是直接阐述。
◆The current study found that…
◆Another important finding was that…
◆The most interesting finding was that…
◆In this study,Xs were found to cause…
除了直接阐述,有时我们还会将结果与以前的发现进行比较。
◆This study confirms that X is associated with…
◆This finding was also reported by Smith et al.(1989).
◆This finding is consistent with that of Smith(2000)who…
Conclusion部分通用句型
Conclusion部分通用句型
Conclusion部分则包含以下内容:
●总结研究成果或论点
●说明研究的意义或局限性
●对进一步的研究提出建议
01.总结研究成果或论点
◆This study has identified…
◆This study has shown that…
◆The research has also shown that…
◆The second major finding was that…
02.说明研究的意义或局限性
在阐述发现之后,我们可以讨论一下这样研究的意义
◆The findings will be of interest to…
◆This thesis has provided a deeper insight into…
◆The findings reported here shed new light on…
◆The study contributes to our understanding of…
除了研究的意义,我们可能还需要指出其中的不足。
◆Being limited to X,this study lacks…
◆The small sample size did not allow…
◆The major limitation of this study is the…
◆This study was limited by the absence of
03.对进一步的研究提出建议
最后,我们可以适当展望一下未来,对进一步的研究提出建议。
◆The question raised by this study is…
◆The study should be repeated using…
◆This would be a fruitful area for further work.
◆A natural progression of this work is to analyse…
好了,上面就是一些我们在留学作业写作中可以用到的句型,大家可以根据需要使用。最后,虽然这里的例句虽然不少,但肯定无法涵盖所有。所以学姐建议大家在阅读参考文献时,可以摘录一些通用的句型,同领域问题的研究,其实有很多方法、结论、背景介绍都是相似的,适当借鉴一些也很方便。