每一个擅长写essay,都有属于自己的写作模板,这些模板能够帮助他们快速完成一篇高质量essay。但这些私人模板多是根据个人写作风格与专业特点制定的,并不合适其他人。难道就没有一种适合所有essay写作用的模板么?当然是有的,下面我们就详细介绍一种essay写作的通用公式。
Essay通用公式
一般来讲,一篇essay可以分为三部分:
Paragraph 1:Introduction
Paragraph 2:Body paragraphs(可以根据实际情况分为Text 1,Text2,Text3…)
Paragraph 3:conclusion
下面我们就详细解读下各部分的写作:
Introduction
Introduction的主要目的是为了提出what is your thesis?但有效的介绍性段落远不止于此。例如,在你拿到这篇essay之前,这篇文章应该从一个引起读者注意的切入点开始,让他们阅读。有效切入点的例子Including related quotes("no one is born perfect")or surprising statistics("three quarters of doctors report...").
只有这样,读者的注意力才能被吸引,才能进入essay。这篇essay应该是对你的立场的一个明确的,一句话的解释,在读者的脑海中毫无疑问地从你的essay开头就知道你在站哪一方面。
在这篇essay之后,你应该提供一个Small outline,在本文的其余部分中预览你将用来支持essay的例子。这不仅告诉读者在段落中期待什么,而且也让他们对文章的内容有了更清晰的认识。
最后,以这种方式设计最后一个句子还有另一个好处,就是无缝地将读者移到文章essay的第一段。通过这种方式我们可以看到,基本的介绍不需要超过三到四个句子。如果你的时间更长,你可能要考虑编辑一下!
Here,by way of example,is an introductory paragraph to an essay on the following questions:
"Did we learn more from discovering ourselves mistaken or from our own success?
"No one is born perfect,"so he is constantly shaped and influenced by his experience.When people make mistakes,they conclude and reflect on learning,so mistakes learn more than they succeed.To prove this point,consider examples of science and daily experience.
The body paragraphs
这篇文章的中段被统称为正文段,正如上文所提到的,正文段的主要目的是详细列出支持你essay evidence。
对于第一个正文段落,你应该使用你最强的论点或最重要的例子,unless需要一些其他更明显的开始点(如按时间顺序的解释)。这一段的第一句话应该是该段的主题句,它与介绍性段落小结中列举的例子直接相关。
However,仅仅引用“乔治·华盛顿”或“勒布朗·詹姆斯”的例子的一句话是不够的。不,在这之后,一个有效的文章会跟在这个主题的句子上,向读者详细地解释一个例子是什么样的,更重要的是,为什么这个例子是相关的。
例如
Even the best known example requires context.For example,George Washington's life is very complicated-follow him as an example,do you intend to mention his honesty,courage,and even his habits?Readers need to know this as a writer's work,drawing appropriate pictures for them.To do this,it is a good idea to provide the reader with five or six facts about the life(general)or events(especially)that you think most clearly state your point of view.
完成之后,您需要解释为什么这个例子证明了您的essay。这一步的重要性不能低估,毕竟,这是你提供evidence的全部原因。通过直接说明为什么这个例子是相关的来达成目的。
例如
以下是一个正文段的例子,以继续上面开始的文章:
For example,Thomas Edison.The famous American inventor rose because of his success in the late 19th century,but he even thought that these successes were the result of his failure.His first attempt,even his first attempt,failed to accomplish one of his most famous inventions,the light bulb.In fact,he spent more than 1,000 attempts to make the first incandescent bulb,but he learned a lot along the way.As he himself said,"I did not fail a thousand a thousand times,but succeeded in finding a thousand ways,and that did not work."Thus,Edison showed both inspiration and action both enlighteningly error.
The Conclusion
虽然结论段落在你的文章结尾,但不应该被视为事后的想法。由于最后一段代表你最后的机会,因此应遵循一个非常严格的格式。
有效的结论随着最后的过渡(“最后”,“最后”等)而开始,并暗示introduction段落中使用的“切入点”。之后,你应该立即提供你的essay陈述的重述。
这应该是第四次或第五次重复你的essay,而你应该在正文段落中使用各种单词选择,使用一些(但不是全部)在引言中使用的原始语言是可以接受的想法。这种回声效应不仅加强了你的thesis,而且还很好地把它与结论的第二个关键因素联系在一起:简短从essay的主体中回顾三个points。
做完所有这些之后,最后一个步骤-在你的文章中的最后一个句子-应该是一个“全局陈述”或“号召行动”,它给读者表明讨论已经结束。
最后,有一点是清楚的:Much more mistakes than help us to learn and improve success.From the examples of science and daily experience,we can prove that if we treat every mistake as a mistake,but as a learning experience,the possibility of self-improvement is unlimited.